微波合成淀粉基可生物降解抑尘剂的特性研究

Properties Analysis of Starch- Based Biodegradable Dust Suppressant under the Microwave Radiation

改性后的淀粉与单体A,单体B和高分子聚合物C在微波反应条件下,接枝共聚制得的抑尘剂黏度为4.766 8 m Pa·s,渗透速度保持在0.03 cm/s左右。该抑尘剂具有很好的保湿性和耐高温性能,在室温(20℃)下喷洒100 h后土样仍含有20%的水分,60℃下放置2 h失水率仅为60%。喷洒抑尘剂的土样表面形成的固结层在模拟自然降雨冲刷0.5 h后,仍保持连续完整的形态。XRD,FTIR测试分析表明,单体A,单体B和高分子聚合物C都接枝到改性淀粉上,反应过程发生在淀粉的部分结晶区;喷洒抑尘剂的土壤固结层结构致密,固结层下土壤颗粒发生了凝并。

Under controlled microwave- reaction conditions,dust suppressant is prepared by grafting monomer A,B and polymer C onto modified starches,the viscosity and seepage velocity of the dust suppressant is 4. 766 8 m Pa·s and 0. 03 cm / s respectively,and it has good performance in moisture retention and resistance to high temperature.100 hours after spraying dust suppressant at room temperature（ 20 ℃）,20% moisture is left in soil sample and 40%is left after 2 hours at 60 ℃. What＇s more,a dense solidified layer is formed on the soil surface,which remains complete after half an hour flushing by imitated rain. Further,the dust suppressant structure is characterized by Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy（ FTIR） and X- Ray Diffraction（ XRD）,the results indicate that the monomer A,B and polymer C are all grafted onto modified starches and the reaction site is at crystalline region. The microstructure of the solidfied film is studied by SEM（ scanning electron microscope） and the images show that the soil particles sticking together forming dense structure.