新疆维吾尔自治区8月龄至6岁儿童乙型病毒性肝炎表面抗体水平调查分析

Hepatitis B virus surface antibody level in children aged 8 months- 6 years in Xinjiang

目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区（新疆）8月龄至6岁儿童乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）表面抗体（抗-HBs）水平,指导全区乙肝防控工作。方法采用二级抽样的方法,从全区94个县共抽取8月龄至6岁儿童4333名。用电化学发光免疫测定方法测定血清抗-HBs。结果 2013年新疆8月龄至6岁儿童乙肝疫苗全程接种率99.70%,抗-HBs阳性率59.40%,抗体几何平均滴度（GMC）30.1 m IU/ml。各地区间乙肝疫苗全程接种率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=12.105,P〉0.05）,抗-HBs阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=494.46,P〈0.01）,GMC差异有统计学意义（F=35.27,P〈0.01）。各年龄组间抗-HBs阳性率波动在50.50%~79.00%之间,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=216.56,P〈0.01）,GMC差异有统计学意义（F=26.83,P〈0.01）。不同民族间抗-HBs阳性率波动在44.50%~80.70%之间,维吾尔族最低（44.50%）,各民族抗-HBs阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=444.99,P〈0.01）,GMC差异有统计学意义（F=45.27,P〈0.01）。结论在提高疫苗接种率的同时,要进一步加强冷链管理和规范操作规程,提高疫苗的有效接种,同时应继续大力开展乙肝疫苗少数民族语言宣传工作。

Objective To understand the hepatitis B virus surface antibody（ HBs Ab） level of children aged 8 months- 6years in Xinjiang and provide evidence for the prevention and control of hepatitis B. Methods A total of 4333 children aged 8months- 6 years were selected through a two stage sampling in 94 counties of Xinjiang. The HBs Ab level was detected by using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay（ ECLIA）. Results The hepatitis B vaccination rate in children aged 8months- 6 years was 99. 70%,the HBs Ab positive rate was 59. 40%,and the GMC was 30. 1 m IU / ml. The area specific differences in hepatitis B vaccination rate had no significance（ χ2= 12. 105,P〉 0. 05）,but the area specific differences in HBs Ab positive rate had significance（ χ2= 494. 46,P 〈0. 01）,and the area specific differences in GMC had significance（ F = 35. 27,P 〈0. 01）. The age specific HBs Ab positive rates ranged from 50. 50% to 79. 00%,the differences were significant（ χ2= 216. 56,P 〈0. 01）,and the age specific differences in GMC had significance（ F = 26. 83,P 〈0. 01）. The ethnic group specific HBs Ab positive rates ranged from 44. 50% to 80. 70%,the differences had significance（ χ2= 444. 99,P〈 0. 01）,and the ethnic group specific differences in GMC had significance（ F = 45. 27,P〈 0. 01）. The HBs Ab positive rate was lowest in Uighurs. Conclusion Along with the increasing of vaccination rate,it is necessary to further strengthen the cold-chain management and standardize vaccination procedures for effective vaccination. The health education about hepatitis B vaccination in minority languages should be strengthened too.