老年肾衰患者血液透析感染及并发症的预防

Infection of Elderly Patients With Renal Failure By Hemodialysis and Prevention of Complications

目的探讨老年慢性肾衰竭（CRF）患者血液透析期间感染和并发症的预防要点。方法回顾性分析我院2014年9月至2015年8月33例维持性血液透析的老年肾衰患者,均给予感染及并发症预见性的治疗。结果截止2015年8月,患者透析7~12个月,平均透析时间（9.6±13.2）个月,其中各种原因停止透析2例,发生低血压、感染等并发症236例次,3例患者分别因肺部感染、心力衰竭、消化道出血并发症死亡,其余28例患者病情稳定,仍维持血液透析,其中透析充分15例,占53.57%,基本充分13例,占46.43%;所有患者均可在家人协助下基本生活自理。结论加强医务人员感控意识,根据老年肾衰患者特点细心观察,出现感染征兆及时治疗;同时充分透析,积极治疗基础疾病,加强营养,合理使用抗生素,给予细胞免疫增强剂等是预防感染和并发症的重要措施。

Objective Study on elderly patients with chronic renal failure（ CRF） patients with blood infections and the prevention of complications during dialysis. Methods September 2014- August 2015,33 cases were analyzed retrospectively of maintenance hemodialysis in the elderly patients with renal failure were given predictable treatment of infections and complications. Results As August 2015,patients dialysis 7- 12 months,average dialysis time（ 9. 6 ± 13. 2） months,which various reasons stop dialysis 2cases,occurred low blood pressure,and infection,complications 236 cases times,3 cases patients respectively for lung infection,and congestive heart failure,and Digest road bleeding complications death,remaining 28 cases patients illness stable,still maintained blood dialysis,which dialysis full 15 cases,accounted for 53. 57%,basic full 13 cases,accounted for 46. 43%; All are family members of patients with the assistance of fundamental daily life. Conclusion Sense of control consciousness of medical staff,according to the characteristics of elderly patients with kidney failure observation infection symptoms and timely treatment and adequate dialysis,active treatment of underlying disease,nutrition,antibiotics,immune Enhancer is an important measure to prevent infection and complications.