3Matzel KE, Stadelmaier U, Hohenfellner M, et al.Electri- cal stimulation of sacral spinal nerves for treatment of faecal incontinence[J].Lancet, 1995,346 (8983) : 1124- 1127.
4Kenefick NJ, Nicholls RJ, Cohen RG, et al. Permanent sacral nerve stimulation for treatment of idiopathic con- stipation[J].Br J Surg,2002,89(7) ..882-888.
5Ganio E, Masin A, Ratto C, et al.Short-term sacral nerve stimulation for functional anorectal and urinary disturb- ances: results in 40 patients: evaluation of a new option for anorectal functional disorders[J]. Dis Colon Rectum, 2001,44(9) :1261-1267.
6[5]Malone PS, Wheeler RA, Williams JE. Continence in patients with spins bifida:long term results. Arch Dis Child 1994; 70(2): 107 -10
7[6]Creasey GH. Electrical stimulation of sacral roots for micturition after spinal cord injury. Urol Clin North Am 1993; 20(3): 505 - 15
8[7]Brindley GS, Polkey CE, Rnshton DN. Sacral anterior root stimulators for bladder control in paraplegia. Paraplegia 1982; 20(6): 365 - 81
9[8]Tanagho EA, Schmidt RA. Electrical stimulation in the clinical management of the neurogenic bladder. J Urol 1988; 140(6): 1331-9
10[9]Binnie NR, Smith AN, Creasey GH, et al. Constipation associated with chronic spinal cord injury: The effect of pelvic parasympathetic stimulation by the Brindley stimulator. Paraplegia 1991;29(7): 463 -9