中国“非市场经济地位”问题探析

Analysis of the Non-market Economy(NME) Status of China

根据《中国入世议定书》第15条(a)款(ii)规定,在对中国进行反倾销调查确定可比价格时,中国被视为非市场经济国家,以第三国价格作为确定倾销的正常价值。同时第15条也做出规定,该歧视性条款将在中国入世15年后废除。一种观点认为这一规定意味着中国将在2016年底自动获得市场经济地位认可。然而近年来围绕中国在2016年底自动获得市场经济地位的问题,国内外又掀起了争论。本文在考察中国入世条款中"非市场经济地位"问题由来的基础上,梳理近年来的主要争论,并分析"非市场经济地位"歧视性反倾销条款对中国经贸的影响,最后针对部分国家拒不承认中国市场经济地位提出中国可采取的应对措施。

According to paragraph 15 of China＇s World Trade Organization（WTO） Accession Protocol, China is regarded as a non- market economy（NME）country in determining price comparability, and a third country cost price is taken as the normal value. Paragraph 15 also provides that the provisions of subparagraph（a）（ii） shall expire 15 years after the date of accession. Early commentators viewed the provision as one conferring upon China a ‘market economy＇status automatically by the end of 2016. But debates in recent years on this issue indicate that China＇s‘market economy＇status may not be granted automatically. Based on the study of the origin of the‘non-market economy＇（NME） status of China in the WTO Accession Protocol, this paper analyses the main points of the national and international debates in recent years, then analyses the influence of the＂non-market economy status＂provision on China＇s economy and trade. Finally, this paper provides some suggestions on how to acquire a‘market economy＇status for China.