摘要
本文对自由表面液体在重力作用下形成排水旋涡的性质进行了研究,分析了当旋涡达到稳定状态时内部速度与压强的分布,并由此确定了旋涡产生的凹陷液体上表面形状.本文用类似兰金涡模型的思想,以一临界半径为界线,半径以外采用自由旋涡模型,在靠近涡心处使用等角速度模型以避免奇点的出现.这一模型可以给出旋涡内部的压强和速度分布规律,能定性解释不同粘度流体形成旋涡形状的差异.
The research aims at the property of the vortex appearing near a drain in gravita- tional field. Due to the analysis of the distribution of pressure and velocity in a stable vortex, the shape of its surface can be determined as a concave surface. Similar to the thought of Ran- kine vortex model, two vortex models are used in the article, divided by a critical radius. Free vortex model is used to simulate the vortex outside the radius. Near the core of the vortex, constant angular velocity model is adopted to avoid the singularity. These models show the patterns of pressure and velocity distribution in a vortex, and explain qualitatively the differ- ences between the shapes of vortexes in liquids with various coefficients of viscosity.
出处
《物理与工程》
2016年第2期80-84,共5页
Physics and Engineering
关键词
自由旋涡
兰金涡
点汇
点涡
free vortex
Rankine vortex
point sink
point vortex
