多元回归法分析新疆哮喘患者疾病风险认知及其影响因素

Cognition of disease risks and its influence factors of patients with asthma by multiple regression analysis

目的探讨哮喘患者对疾病风险的认知及其影响因素分析,为提高患者自护能力提供相关依据。方法选取2014年3—10月在本院住院治疗的哮喘患者80例作为研究对象,通过问卷调查分析患者的一般情况及对疾病风险的认知情况。多个均数比较采用方差分析,进一步两两比较采取SNK-q检验;多元分析采用多元线性回归,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果患者对疾病风险认知总分为(36.33±11.21)分,得分率为57.77%,三个维度得分分别为:(14.11±1.09)、(10.02±2.00)、(12.20±3.45)分,比较差异有统计学意义(F=4.995,P<0.05),两两比较发现,基础知识得分高于一般自护知识和急救知识得分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。基础知识、一般自护知识、急救措施得分率分别为:67.19%、47.67%、58.69%。民族、病程、学历及合并其他慢性病是患者风险认知的影响因素。结论哮喘患者风险认知水平总体较低,应当加强哮喘相关知识的普及,提高患者对规律用药及病情监测的认识,使患者做到自防自知。

Objective To explore the cognition of disease risks and its influence factors of patients with asthma,and to provide evidences to improve self nursing ability of patients.Methods 80 cases of patients with asthma as the research object were selected from March to October 2014,through the questionnaire survey to analysis general situation and the risk of disease in patients with cognitive situation.Comparing multiple mean using analysis of variance,comparison between any two means by SNK-q test.Multivariate analysis was analyzed with multiple linear regression analysis,P0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The total scores of cognition of disease risks was（36.33±11.21）,scoring rate was 57.77%.The scores of three dimensions were（14.11±1.09）,（10.02±2.00）,（12.20±3.45）,the difference was statistically significant（F=4.995,P0.05）.The score of basic knowledge was statistical higher than the scores of general nursing knowledge and emergency treatment（all P0.05）.The scoring rates of basic knowledge,general nursing knowledge,and emergency treatment were 67.19%,47.67%,58.69%.Multiple regression analysis showed that national,range,degree and merger other chronic diseases were the influencing factors of patients cognitive.Conclusion The overall cognitive level of disease risks is low,the popularization of asthma knowledge is strengthened,the cognition of regular drug and monitoring disease are improved.