60例人工耳蜗植入儿童声母识别和韵母识别的结果分析

A Longitudinal Study of the Consonant and Vowel Recognition Scores in 60 Hearing-impaired Children with Cochlear Implants

目的分析人工耳蜗植入儿童不同时段声母识别和韵母识别成绩及错误识别的原因，探讨植入年龄和康复时间对声母和韵母识别成绩的影响。方法对60例人工耳蜗植入儿童按年龄分组，以术后不同时段（12个月、18个月和24个月）为重复测量条件。采用两因素混合实验设计，以植入年龄和康复时间为自变量，声母识别和韵母识别测试结果为因变量。采用SPSS16．0进行两因素方差分析。结果声母识别和韵母识别能力随康复时间的延长而显著提高（P〈0．001）；不同植入年龄组儿童的声母和韵母识别成绩无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论人工耳蜗植入能提高听障儿童的听辨能力，且康复时间越长效果越好。测试题的难易程度、人工耳蜗的局限性、声韵母的声学特性以及儿童的年龄特征影响测试成绩。

Objective To analyze the consonant and vowel recognition scores of 60 hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants at different stages and to discuss the influence of age at implantation and rehabilitation time on these scores. Methods Sixty hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants were divided into 3 groups and assessed at different intervals. This study was based on age at implantation and rehabilitation time by two mixed design. The dependent variables were speech recognition results, and independent variables were children＇s age at implantation and rehabilitation time.The SPSS 16.0 was used to perform an analysis of variance. Results The consonant and vowel recognition scores increased significantly with increasing rehabilitation time（P〈0.001）. There was no significant difference in consonant and vowel recognition scores between groups with different ages at implantation（P〉0.05）. Conclusion After cochlear implantation, the children＇s speech recognition abilities develop rapidly with increasing training time. And the difficulty level of tests, limitations of cochlear implant, acoustic characteristics of consonants and vowels and children＇s age characteristics affect the outcomes.