延迟焦化装置“三泥”处理运行分析

A Study on "Three Sludges" Treatment for Delayed Coking Units

洛阳石化污水处理设施和油品罐区每年产生大量＂三泥＂,因含有有毒有害物质,具有污染严重、不易处理的特点。利用延迟焦化装置对原料适应性强的特点,将＂三泥＂送入焦炭塔,利用焦化过程的剩余热量使含油污泥中的组分经高温热裂解变成气、液产物,固体物质沉降在石油焦上,实现＂三泥＂无害化密闭处理。处理流程是在焦炭塔大吹汽结束后,先按正常小给水进行操作,待确认水进入焦炭塔后开＂三泥＂进料泵进行＂三泥＂处理工作,当确定＂三泥＂注入焦炭塔后,控制＂三泥＂流量10~15t/h,给水流量35~40t/h;约1h后,逐步开大冷焦水泵,关闭＂三泥＂注入阀,停＂三泥＂进料泵,停止处理。＂三泥＂处理过程中未发现影响装置正常运行的情况,＂三泥＂处理后石油焦产品质量数据监控亦未发现异常,但＂三泥＂实际处理量较低,通过分析,将处理量提高至20~25t/h。

Sinopec Luoyang Company ′ s sewage treatment facility and oil product tank area produce a large volume of three types of sludge（ ＂three sludges＂） each year,which are toxic,highly polluting and difficult to treat.Considering the delayed coking unit has a strong adaptability to feedstock,the company sends the ＂three sludges＂ into the coke drum,where the components of the oily sludge are cracked into gaseous and liquid products under the high-temperature residual heat from the coking process,with the solid substances settling upon the petroleum coke.This is an airtight innocent treatment.The treatment process is as follows ：Following the big steam blow in the coke drum,normal water supply begins and then the ＂three sludges＂ charging pump is turned on after entry of water in the coke drum is confirmed for sludge treatment;after injection of ＂three sludges＂ into the coke drum is confirmed,the flow of the ＂three sludges＂ is controlled between 10 and 15t/h and the flow of supplied water is between 35 and 40t/h;and about one hour later,the coke cooling water pump is turned up gradually while turning off the sludge injection valve and the sludge feeding pump to stop treatment.No circumstances affecting the normal operation of the delayed coking unit have been found during the treatment of the ＂three sludges＂ and no abnormality was detected either in the petroleum coke product quality monitoring data after the sludge treatment.However,the actual volume of ＂three sludges＂ treated was found relatively low and therefore the company increased the treatment intensity to 20-25t/h.