一战后初期日本对华经济扩张的战略转向

The Strategic Shift of Japanese Economic Expansion in China at the Dawn of Post- World War Ⅰ

一战期间日本趁美英列强无暇东顾而趁火打劫,企图攫取在华优势地位。战时,日本在对华政治和经济上都采取了武力扩张战略,战后初期日本对华经济扩张亦延续了战时传统,但在美英压力下不得不着手调整。战后美英卷土重来,大大挤压了日本对华经济扩张的战略空间,日本只能进行大幅度的战略收缩。华盛顿会议后日本对华经济扩张战略明确转向,从武力扩张转为温和扩张,从显性渗透转为隐性渗透,在华盛顿体制的制约下推行协调中的扩张政策。

During World War I, Japan took the advantage of the absence of western powers in China and sought its dominant position. In wartime, Japan adopted ＂strong expansionism＂ strategies on politics and economy in China and maintained this strategy in the early postwar period. However, Japan had to adjust the strategy shortly after return Britain and the United States of America whose existence strongly contained the expansion of Japan. Hence Japan was forced to draw hack, shifting to ＂soft expansionism＂. Bound by the Washington System, Japan had to convert its high-profile military expansion to a less explicit and mild expansion.