我国现代基层调控体系的历史发展

Historical development of control system at the grass－roots unit level in modern China

我国现代基层调控体系，经过了中华民国和新民主主义革命两个时期。在中华民国 前期，主要实行官民相兼的基层管理制度；1928年以后，普遍实行了城乡分立的双轨制行政 体制，其实质是要确保统治阶级直接剥削与压迫劳动人民。新民主主义革命时期的基层调控 体系，主要体现在其县制和乡制上，其实质是要确保人民利益的实现。

The Chinese modern grass－roots unit level control system exercised t hrough two periods,the public of China and New－democratic revolution.At the ear lier stage of the public of China,it practised a grass－roots unit administratio n system with both officers and civilians simultaneously.Since 1928, a widesprea d urban and rural separated administrative system had been implemented for the p urpose in substance to ensure the ruling class to exploit and oppress the labori ng people directly.Then the grass－roots control system in the New－democratic r evolution reflected chiefly the county and township system to ensure the benefit of people.