简析法治国家理念下系统性环境保护——环境保护法律机制创新的若干基本问题

Environmental Protection System Under the Rule of Law Country Concept: Some Basic Problems of Environmental Protection Legal System Innovation

我国环境保护正进入一个新的时期,需要从外生型环境法向内生型环境法转变,从危险防卫向危险和风险预防转变,从粗条型环境政策法向精细型环境技术法转变。在此过程中,仅探讨行政体制上的结构问题仍不够,更需要从法治国家理论上分析宪法层面对环境保护利益的正确定位,提出环境民事、行政和刑事法律的综合治理,细化与探讨环境行政法中的核心作用机制,理解环境信息是环境保护中的一条根本主线,深化多角度监管和环境目标质量达标制,以及明确环境司法保障国家环境法治的统一与有效性。环境治理是一项系统性工作,环境法需要以系统、综合地为我国的环境保护提供动力源,并为环境治理中实践难题提供可操作的有效规范。

Environmental protection in China is entering a new period, needing from exogenous environmental law to ingrown environmental change, from risk defense to risk prevention, from the rough type environmental policy law to fine environment technology law. In this process, only discuss the structural problems in the administrative system is not enough. We need to correctly identify environmental protection interests at the constitutional law level under the concept of the rule of law country, and put forward the comprehensive management of environmental civil, administrative and criminal law, refine and explore the core mechanism of environmental administrative law, take the information of the environment as a basic line for environmental protection, promote multi angle regulation and environmental quality standards, and guarantee the unity and effectiveness of national environmental rule of law through the environment justice. As environmental governance is a systematic work, environmental law should provide power source systematically and comprehensively for environmental protection in China, and provide effective standard operable for practical problems in environmental governance.