不同育秧基质和营养土配比对水稻硬盘育秧秧苗素质及产量的影响

Effects of the Ratio of Different Seedling Raising Substrate to Nutrient Soils on the Quality and Yield of Rice Seedlings

[目的]研究不同育秧基质和营养土配比对水稻硬盘育秧秧苗素质及产量的影响。[方法]采用不同配比基质与营养土混合培育适宜机械化作业的健壮秧苗,测定成苗数、秧苗形态指标、种子根数、穗粒结构及产量等。[结果]应用不同基质与营养土混合育秧,秧苗栽插后发苗迅速,分蘖较早,比全营养土处理提前1~3 d,低位分蘖多、够苗期早,比全营养土处理提前0.4~0.6个叶位达到够苗期,群体质量好,成穗率较高,穗数较足,有明显的增产优势,尤其以80%大华生物基质+20%营养土处理比对照增产达760.5 kg/hm^2。[结论]80%大华生物基质+20%营养土配比在江苏大丰地区机插水稻生产中可以大面积示范推广。

[Objective] To research the effects of ratio of different seedling raising substrate to nutrient soils on the quality and yield of rice seedlings. [Method] Different seedling raising substrates were mixed with nutrient soils to cultivate healthy seedlings suitable for mechanized operation. The seedling number,seedling morphological indicators,root number,spike-grain structure and yield were detected. [Result] Different substrates were mixed with nutrient soil. After planted,seedlings grew rapidly,and tillering was 1- 3 days earlier than the whole nutrient soils.Low position tillering was relatively more. Compared with whole nutrient soils treatment,qualified seedling stage was reached 0. 4- 0. 6 leaf earlier. The population quality was relatively good; percentage of earbearing tiller was relatively abundant,which had significant advantage of yield increase. Treatment of 80% Dahua biological matrix ＋ 20% nutrient soils could enhance the yield by 760. 5 kg/hm^2 compared with CK. [Conclusion] Treatment of 80% Dahua biological matrix ＋ 20% nutrient soils can be extended in large scale in rice production in Dafeng Area of Jiangsu Province.