獭兔酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1(Tyrp1)基因序列分析及外显子多态性研究

Analysis of Polymorphism of Exons in Tyrosinase-Related Protein 1(Tyrp1) Gene in Rex Rabbit(Oryctolagus cuniculus)

[目的]探索獭兔酪氨酸相关蛋白1(Tyrp1)基因在毛色形成过程中的分子机制。[方法]对獭兔Tyrp1基因序列的核苷酸序列、编码产物的基本理化性质等进行预测和分析,同时利用PCR-SSCP(Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction products)技术检测Tyrp1基因CDS序列的多态性分布状况。[结果]信息学分析发现,TYRP1蛋白是不稳定的亲水性蛋白,有信号肽,具有酪氨酸酶家族特征性功能结构域。多态性检测发现仅在Tyrp1基因CDS的483 bp处存在1个C→T的同义突变,位于外显子2上,该碱基的突变没有造成氨基酸的改变(AUC→AUT,异亮氨酸)。Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验表明,青紫蓝色獭兔群体处于非平衡状态,白色獭兔群体处于平衡状态。青紫蓝兔群体为中度多态信息含量(0.25<PIC<0.50),白色獭兔群体为低度多态信息含量(PIC<0.25)。[结论]Tyrp1基因对獭兔的毛色有一定的影响。该研究结果可为獭兔毛色的选种选育提供一定的参考。

[Objective] To discuss the molecular mechanism of tyrosinase-related protein 1（ Tyrp1） gene of Rex rabbit（ Oryctolagus cuniculus） during the formation of hair color. [Method] The Tyrp1 gene sequence,the nucleotide sequence,and the basic physical and chemical properties of coding products were forecasted and analyzed. At the same time,PCR-SSCP（ single-strand conformational polymorphism） was used to detect the distribution of CDS sequences of Tyrp1. [Result] Bioinformatics analysis found out that Tyrp1 protein was an unstable hydrophilic protein,which had a signal peptide and a functional domain of the tyrosinase family. The polymorphism detection result indicated that the exon 2 of Tyrp1 in 29 bp（ the gene CDS 483 bp） had a C→T mutation,and the nucleotide mutation did not lead to the amino acid change（ AUC→AUT,isoleucine）. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test showed that the Chinchilla Rex rabbit population was at Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium,the white Rex rabbit population was at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. PIC of chinchilla Rex rabbit population was of medium polymorphism（ 0. 25 PIC 0. 50）,white Rex rabbit population was of low polymorphism（ PIC 0. 25）. [Conclusion] Tyrp gene has certain effects on the hair color of Rex rabbit. This research provides certain references for the selection of hair color of Rex rabbit.