最低工资对中国工人收入及分配的影响——基于CHNS数据的经验研究

THE IMPACT OF MINIMUM WAGE ON WORKERS' INCOME AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION——A Study Based on CHNS Data

本文运用微观调查数据,研究最低工资政策对工人收入及分配结构的影响。首先分析最低工资对工人收入水平的整体影响,然后应用倍差法和比例法分析最低工资政策对不同类型工人收入增长率的影响,以考察最低工资的收入分配效应。分析结果显示,总体而言最低工资对工人收入不具有显著影响,仅仅对部分低收入群体如女性群体有一定正面影响;对于收入水平位于上一期最低工资150%~250%区间内的工人收入,最低工资具有显著负向影响。这些显示该政策可能会对收入分配结构产生一定轻微影响。

This paper examines the impact of minimum wage on workers＇ income level and income distribution using household survey data We first use difference-in-difference method to study the impact of minimum wage upgrading on income level We combine the difference-in-difference method with a method involving percentage change to study the impact of minimum wage change rate on income distribution The results indicate that minimum wage upgrading generally does not have significant impact on average income level of all workers However,minimum wage does have negative impact on those in collective enterprises and negative impact on those whose income were within 150%~205%of previous minimum wage level This implies that minimum has some impact on income distribution The results are robust to alternative specifications.