中日制造业参与全球价值链分工模式及地位分析——基于世界投入产出表

THE PARTICIPATION MODE AND POSITION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS OF CHINA AND JAPAN'S MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY——Based on World Input-output Tables

本文基于世界投入产出表数据,通过构建后向和前向垂直专业化率及全球价值链地位指数,较全面地分析了中日两国制造业参与全球价值链的程度、模式和地位变化情况。结果表明:(1)中国制造业出口中国内增加值占比低于同期日本,其获益能力相对较低。(2)中日两国制造业后向和前向垂直专业化率均呈上升趋势,其参与全球价值链程度不断加深。(3)中国制造业参与全球价值链主要是以后向模式,而日本制造业主要是以前向模式。(4)中国制造业中国外增加值以最终产品为主,主要从事加工组装生产环节,而日本制造业中国外增加值以中间产品为主,专业化于关键零部件生产环节。(5)中日两国制造业主要是通过间接增加值出口实现全球价值链前向参与,且其国内的生产分工程度均在不断加深。(6)中国制造业位于全球价值链下游位置,且有一定的攀升趋势,而日本制造业位于全球价值链上游位置,但有一定的下滑趋势。

According to the ratios of vertical specialization including backward-linkage（VS）and forward-linkage（VS1）and global value chains（GVC）index,this paper analyzes the participation mode and position in GVC of China and Japan＇s manufacturing industry using 1995—2011world input-output tables（WIOTs）Our studies indicate the following：（1）Domestic value-added（DVA）share in China＇s exports is lower than Japan＇s It means that China＇s profit ability is relatively low（2）VS and VS1 present an upward trend from 1995—2011It means that the participation levels in GVC are rising for China and Japan＇s manufacturing industry（3）The participation modes of China＇s manufacturing industry in GVC are mainly backward,while the participation modes of Japan＇s manufacturing industry in GVC are mainly forward（4）China＇s manufacturing industry which is dominated by foreign value-added（FVA）in final goods mainly engages in final assembling activities,while Japan＇s manufacturing industry which is dominated by FVA in intermediate goods mainly engages in key parts production activities（5）National division of China and Japan＇s manufacturing industry gets deepening（6）GVC of China＇s manufactured goods which are the downstream are climbing,while GVC of Japan＇s manufactured goods are the upstream are declining.