FSAE赛车空气动力学套件组合设计分析

Combinational design and analysis of aerodynamics devices of FSAE racing car

FSAE赛车的空气动力学套件及各套件的交互作用对赛车的设计和性能至关重要。传统空气动力学套件的设计通过对单个组件确定造型,对其分析后修改和优化,造型单一且较少考虑各套件间的交互作用。文章基于雷诺平均湍流方程并结合Realizable k-ε湍流模型,建立三维FSAE赛车外流场计算模型,运用正交实验设计方法,考虑各套件间的交互作用,分析了不同套件组合对赛车空气动力学性能的影响。结果表明:负升力的增加也会伴随空气阻力减小,存在优化设计方案;各组件对整车空气动力学性能的影响程度为定风翼>前鼻翼>扩散器;套件间配合对提高整车空气动力学性能至关重要,应尽量使各套件间气流顺畅过渡。通过实车试验测试,进一步验证了该分析模型及结论的正确性。

The aerodynamics devices of the FSAE racing car and their interaction are very important for the car＇s design and performance. In traditional methods, a separate component is usually designed and optimized by analysis, which results in poor design and conventional neglect of the interaction of the aerodynamics devices. In this paper, a aD FSAE racing car external flow calculation model is established based on the Renault average turbulence equations and Realizable/e-e flow model. Different combinations of the designed models are analyzed according to the orthogonal experimental method, and the interaction between components is also studied. The results show that the air drag force may decrease with the increase of negative lift in different design combinations; the influence of aerody- namics components on the car＇s aerodynamic performance is different, and the sequence from high to low is rear wing, front wing and diffuser; the interaction of the components has great impact on the car＇s aerodynamic performance, and the air-flow transition should keep fluent. The calculation model and the results are verified by the field test.