子宫内膜异位症患者在位内膜异常改变的研究进展

Research progress on abnormal changes in the eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis

子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMS)是指子宫内膜组织(腺体和间质)出现在子宫腔以外的部位。EMS患者的在位内膜不同于正常子宫内膜,不仅在形态结构上发生了改变,在基因层面与分子生物学层面亦发生了多种改变,这些改变进而引起一系列在位子宫内膜功能上的变化,主要表现为EMS患者在位内膜细胞的黏附性、侵袭力、转移力、血管生成能力、细胞增殖能力增强,细胞凋亡能力与子宫内膜容受性下降,以及神经纤维分布异常,引发盆腔疼痛等。

Endometriosis （EMS） is defined as the presence of endometrial tissues, such as glands and mesenchyma, outside of the uterine cavity. The eutopic endometrium in patients with EMS is different from the normal endometrium, which not only changes in the morphological structure, but also has various changes at the genetic level and molecular biological level, then further causes a series of changes in the function of the eutopic endometrium. The main manifestations of the changes include the enhancement of adhesion, invasiveness, metastatic potential, angiogenesis ability, cell proliferation ability of the eutopic endometrial cell in patients with EMS, and the decrease of apoptotic ability and endometrial receptivity, and abnormal distribution of nerve fibers, and pelvic pain, and so forth.