论哈代小说中的酒神精神——以《德伯家的苔丝》为中心

On Dionysian Spirit in Hardy's Wessex Novels——Centered by Tess of D'urberviues

酒、饮酒、醉酒经常出现在哈代小说中。饮酒,是威塞克斯劳动者摆脱劳动艰辛和生活苦闷的一种娱乐形式。在醉酒状态中,他们体味了生命中个体化原理的崩溃带来的狂喜,与世界本体相融合而生发的极乐,从而重返人类本真,重归自然怀抱,实现了从"社会人"到"生物人"的回归;反映了狄俄尼索斯酒神肯定生命、崇尚原欲、万物太一的精神内核。

Alcohol,drinking and drunkenness are often described in Hardy＇s Wessex novels. Drinking is one of Wessex laborers＇ amusements which can refresh them from their hard labor and bitter life. In the state of drunkenness,the rural revelers experience ecstasy when the principium individuation is collapses,and rapture when they blend fully into nature. In this course of idealization called by Nietzsche,they,reverting from social men to biological men in the revelry,regain their raw humanity and return to the bosom of nature. This phenomenon reflects the core idea of Dionysian spirit——approving life,appreciating primitive desire,and primordial unity.