船公司合作下基于多港口物流总成本最优的空箱调运

Optimal Empty Container Reposition with Collaboration among Shipping Companies based on Multiple Ports

在港口空箱需求和空箱供给均为随机条件下,考虑多个港口内不同船公司之间的合作,引入港口空箱配对转运思想,以多阶段期望总成本最小为条件,建立多个港口之间的空箱调运优化模型。最后,通过具体算例验证港口配对分解空箱调运模型的有效性,比较船公司合作与船公司不合作条件下的港口配对分解空箱调运的效果,分析空箱租赁成本、空箱调运成本、空箱需求波动以及空箱供给波动等对空箱调运物流总成本的影响。得出:港口配对分解空箱调运模型在处理多阶段多港口空箱调运问题具有一定优势;船公司之间的合作可以有效降低空箱调运物流总成本。

With random empty container demands and supplies,considering the collaboration among the different shipping companies in the same port,and using the concept of pairwise decomposition,we develop an optimal empty container reposition model to optimize the total expected logistics cost of multi-stage shipping.A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of empty container reposition by using port pairwise decomposition,and to compare the modes with and without collaboration among the shipping companies.We then analyze the impact of the empty container rent cost,reposition cost,the fluctuation of empty container demand and supply on the total costs.We shoe that the proposed model has advantages in dealing with multi-stage multi-port empty container repositioning,and collaboration among the shipping companies can effectively reduce the total logistics cost of empty container repositioning.