全球价值链视角下国际贸易核算方法研究演进、应用与展望

Research Progress, Application and Prospects of Accounting Methods of International Trade from the Perspective of Global Value Chain

随着国际生产分割的深入发展和全球价值链的形成,以关境为统计基础的传统核算方法已经难以反映国际贸易的真实面貌,准确核算各国参与全球价值链的程度和贸易利得受到学界的广泛关注。文章从全球价值链的视角,梳理了20世纪90年代以来国际贸易核算方法的主要研究成果,对不同核算方法的区别与联系进行了评述,发现核算方法逐渐由一国转向多国多部门,由总值贸易核算转向对贸易增加值的分解。此外,本文考察了核算方法在贸易平衡和显性比较优势等研究领域的应用,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

With the furthering of international fragmentation and the formation of global value chain, traditional accountingmethods based on the statistics of borders can no longer reflect the reality of international trade. Accurately checking the degreeof a country＇s participation in GVC and trade gains is attracting more and more attention in the academic field. From the perspective of global value chain, this paper provides a survey of research on accounting methods of international trade since the1990 s. By analyzing the differences and connections between different methods, we find that accounting methods have becomemore multi-national and multi-sectoral, changing from gross trade accounting to the decomposition of the added value in trade.Besides, this paper summarizes the applications of the methods in analyzing trade balance and revealed comparative advantage,putting forward the prospect for future research.