中国农产品出口技术结构演进趋势及其国际比较——基于出口技术附加值的视角

Evolution Tendency and International Comparison of Technological Structure of China's Agricultural Product Export——From Aspect of Technological Value-added Export

根据UN COMTRADE数据库和世界银行WDI数据库数据,从出口技术附加值视角,分析了1995-2012年中国农产品出口技术结构演进趋势及国际差异。结果表明:中国农产品出口技术结构总体上实现了较为明显的升级,高技术和中等偏上技术农产品已成为主要出口农产品,但低技术和中等技术农产品出口比重仍较高;中国农产品出口技术结构明显落后于主要样本发达国家,且对其进行赶超的"后发优势"也不强,但持续优于多数主要样本发展中国家,且提升速度不具有明显相对优势;中国与多数主要样本发达国家及主要样本发展中国家农产品出口技术结构的互补性均趋于增强;近年来在国际市场上,中国农产品出口技术结构对多数主要样本发达国家及主要样本发展中国家总体上均具有相对更强的竞争压力;中国农产品出口不存在"Rodrik悖论"。

Based on the data from UN COMTRADE database and World Bank WDI database and from the aspect of technological value-added of export,this paper analyzes the technological structure of China's agricultural export from 1995to2012 by using international comparison.The result shows that the technological structure of China's agricultural product export has totally achieved significant upgrade.High-tech and middle-high-tech agricultural products have already become China's major export agricultural products,but export proportions of low-tech and middle-tech agricultural products are still high.The technological structure of China's agricultural product export is significantly lower than that in major selected developed countries and China's late-developing advantage for catching up with major selected developed countries is not strong,but higher than that in most major selected developing countries and doesn't have significant comparative advantage in upgrade speed.Complementarities of the technological structure of China's agricultural export and most major selected developed countries and major selected developing countries are tending to become stronger.In recent years,the technological structure of agricultural product export of China has relatively stronger competition pressure on that of most major selected developed countries and major selected developing countries in the international market.As a whole,'Rodrik Paradox'in China's agricultural product export doesn't exist.