不同嫁接时期温度对核桃芽接成活率和生长量影响的研究

Effects of Temperature at Different Grafting Stages on Bud- Grafting Survival Rate and Annual Growth Increment of Walnut( Juglans regia L. )

核桃芽接成活率较低且受温度影响较大,因此,筛选适宜的芽接时期对提高核桃苗木的繁育成活率意义重大。本试验研究了不同嫁接时期及芽接后7~10天内的平均温度对核桃嫁接苗成活率和生长量的影响,结果表明,露地和设施条件下,随芽接时期的推迟,嫁接苗的成活率均呈先升后降的变化趋势,但设施条件下的平均温度高于露地条件,成活率也明显高于露地条件;新生枝的平均高度和基部平均粗度总体呈下降趋势。综合分析可得,大连地区核桃最适宜芽接的平均气温为23~25℃。

The bud grafting of walnut has lower survival rate and is affected largely by temperature. To screen out the suitable bud grafting time has great significance to increase the survival rate of walnut grafted seedlings. In this research,different grafting stages were designed to study their effects on the survival rate and growth increment of grafted seedlings,and also the average temperature in 7 ~ 10 days after bud grafting.Whether in open field or in protected conditions,the survival rate of grafted seedlings showed the trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing with the postponing of grafting time. The average temperature in protected conditions was higher than that in open field,so the survival rate increased obviously. The average height of new shoots and the average diameter of their stem base showed the reducing trends overall. It was concluded that the optimum average temperature for bud grafting of walnut was 23 ~ 25℃ in Dalian area through comprehensive analysis.