硅基包膜控释肥对水稻产量形成、氮素吸收及氮肥利用率的影响

Effects of Controlled-release Fertilizers Coated by Silic-based Material on Yield Components,Nitrogen Absorption and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice

通过连续2年早、晚双季稻的大田试验,研究了硅基包膜控释肥对水稻产量、产量构成因素、籽粒和秸秆氮素吸收及氮肥利用率的影响,并分析了水稻产量、含氮量、吸氮量和氮素收获指数之间的关系。结果表明:一次性施用硅基包膜控释肥的效果较好,特别是施用80%量控释肥处理的水稻年均产量最高,达到16661 kg/hm^2,与分次施肥(优化施肥和当地习惯施肥)处理的产量差异不显著;与优化施肥处理相比,施用控释肥能显著提高水稻的表观氮素利用率;水稻籽粒吸氮量与产量呈正相关,籽粒含氮量与产量无相关性,氮收获指数随着秸秆产量、秸秆吸氮量、总吸氮量的增加而显著减小。

One continuous two-year field trial was conducted to study the effects of controlled- release fertilizers coated by silic-based materials on the yield components,nitrogen absorption and nitrogen use efficiency of rice,and analyzed the relationships of N harvest index with the yield,nitrogen content and nitrogen adsorption. The results showed that one-time basal application of controlled-release fertilizers coated by silic- based materials could get better effect,the rice yield was the highest in the treatment of applying 80% controlled- release fertilizer,the rice yields were 16661 kg / hm2,the yield difference was not significant with time fertilization（ the optimal application treatment and the local conventional application treatment）. Compared with the optimal application fertilization treatment,application of coated urea could significantly improve the apparent nitrogen use efficiency of rice. The rice nitrogen absorption had a positive relationship to the rice yield,there didn＇t exist obvious relationship between grain yield and nitrogen content,the N harvest index significantly decreased with the increasing of the biomass of rice straw,the N adsorption of rice straw and the total N adsorption.