仪式过程理论“阈限”范畴中的身体展演研究

Study on Physical Performance in the“Threshold”Category of Ritual Process Theory

运用文献调研、实地考察等研究方法,以特纳《仪式过程》理论为导向,以闽台"陈靖姑"仪式中"阈限"范畴内的身体运动为研究对象,挖掘"陈靖姑"仪式活动沿承的社会元素。认为,"陈靖姑"仪式中"阈限"范畴内的身体运动是该仪式活动的核心支撑及象征之展示。在人类发展过程中的原始宗教观促生了以肢体运动的象征寓意,以身体运动文化反映精神和心灵需求。"陈靖姑"祭祀仪式活动中的身体运动包含2个方面,即以项群为基础的武术类、舞蹈类、阵法类、徒步类等最基础的形式,以及富有特殊象征内涵的诸如斩白蛇活动、闽剧中的身体运动、大型庙会中的身体运动、十二婆姐阵及宋江阵等。

Through using the methods of literature review and field survey,taking the physical sports in＂threshold＂category as research object,this paper excavates the elements of social existence from＂CHEN Jinggu＂in Xiamen city of Fujian Province based on the ritual process theory of Turner.The result shows that the physical sports in＂threshold＂category has an important influence on＂CHEN Jinggu＂ritual activities.The symbolic meaning of body movement stems from the primitive religion in the process of human development.So do the physical culture and spirit or soul needs which has been expressed through physical sport culture needs.The physical sports in the sacrificial ceremony of＂CHEN Jinggu＂include two aspects.First,there are Wushu class,dance class,stone sentinel maze class,the class on foot with item group.Second,there are cut white activities,physical sports in Min opera,physical sports in the large temple fair,twelve Siva is elder sister array and Songjiang battle array of the rich special symbolic connotation.