稻草还田综合效益研究

Study of Comprehensive Utilization Efficiency of Returning Rice Straw to Field

通过对稻草秸秆还田方式和对后熟增产机制及对土壤养分变化影响的研究表明 ,稻草翻耕埋田施入量以 30 0 0kg/hm2 左右为最佳 ,约占全量的 1/ 2 ;稻草若以全量覆盖还田 ,以配施112 5kg/hm2 的石灰为好 ,不仅可加速稻草腐烂 ,还起到防病的作用 ,从而促进作物产量的提高。稻草还田对 0～ 2 0cm土壤培肥作用效果十分明显 ,最有影响的是速效磷 ,其次是速效氮和速效钾 ,有机质也有较明显的提高。试验还表明稻草还田对改良土壤的性能效果很好 :降低了土壤的容重 ,增加了持水量和耕层厚度 ,提高了阳离子交换量 ,确保土壤的持续利用和农业的持续发展。研究为该区如何合理进行稻草还田 ,以及稻草还田对后熟作物产量和土壤肥力的贡献提供了依据。

Five-year field experiments on rice straw with different yields and different method were carried out in paddy field Results showed that yield of late rice in about 3000 kg/hm 2 early rice straw be incorporated or all rice straw(6000 kg/hm 2) be covered with 1125 kg lime was relatively well increased compared with other treatments It was recommended that returning rice straw to field should be increased on corn yields with large amount,and nutrients of 0～20 cm till soil were influenced signficantly by rice straw returning field The results suggested that greater effect on available-P than alkali-N and available-K,the organic matter content in the soil were increased under the experimental condition Physico-chemical properties of soil were improved by rice straw returning field too,ρb has the trends to decrease,but to increase in moisture cotent,ticketness of till soil and CEC The experiment supplied information on use of rice straw as sources of organic fertilizer This information is also useful for improving pysico-chemical properties of soil and increasing crop yields with application of returning rise straw to field