山西运城关王庙传统石雕工艺技术探析

Stone Carving Technology of Yuncheng Guan-wang Temple,Shanxi Province

中国传统石雕工艺技术所承载的设计意匠,有其独特的模式和样式。其中蕴含的工匠精神和科学性,在长时期的发展承传中不断延续和升华。产生于元、明时期的山西运城关王庙的石刻作品,囊括种类繁多,不同社会题材经过雕刻技艺加工物化后,形成雕刻艺术与技术高度吻合的作品。运城关王庙的石雕艺术作品有追汉、唐风格痕迹,从题材到雕刻技艺蕴含着自身特有的技术哲学,反映出中国传统雕刻工艺技术的承传,使中国传统工艺与雕塑艺术的学科体系得以巩固和拓展。通过具体雕刻品类和技艺对传统石雕所具有的技术发展进行归纳和分析。

The design concept carried by traditional Chinese stone carving technology has its unique patterns and style. The artisan spirit and scientific nature continues to develop and sublimate in a long period of time when handed down. Stone carving artworks produced at Guan-wang temple in the gate city of Yuncheng（ Shanxi Province）during the Yuan and Ming dynasties include a wide variety of designed pieces. Going through a process of carving,different social themes were materialized,and then develop into artifacts with carving art and technology closely matched. The carving art of Yuncheng Guan-wang Temple follows the style prevailing in the Han and Tang dynasties. It embodies its own unique philosophy about technology,from the theme to carving skills,reflecting the inheritance of traditional Chinese engraving technology,which makes the disciplinary system of traditional Chinese craft and sculpture art able to consolidate and expand. In this article,the development of traditional stone-carving technology is summarized and analyzed.