北大立新与“新青年”之会聚北平——蔡元培、陈独秀、胡适之的新文化场域优势及其留学背景

The Reform of Peking University and the Convergence of New Youths to Peiping——The New Culture Field Advantage of Cai Yuanpei,Chen Duxiu as Well as Hu Shizhi and Their Educational Backgrounds

本文以观察蔡元培出任北京大学校长后的改革策略入手,强调其以引进陈独秀及其《青年杂志》为契机,再加留美学人胡适的归来,从而使得新文化派会聚北平,开创了新文化运动的煌煌大业。尤其注意揭示新文化运动的三位核心人物,分别代表留欧、留日、留美背景的蔡元培、陈独秀、胡适之,以其各自具备的文化资本,通过教育、传媒、学术的三维互动,实现了新文化运动摧枯拉朽的文化场域占位优势,确立了大变革时代的文化史意义。

Starting with the investigation of the reform strategy implemented by Cai Yuanpei as the President of Peking University,this article emphasizes that his hiring Chen Duxiu and bringing in the Journal of Youth as well as the coming back of Hu Shi from America made the New Culture figures gather in Peiping,thereby creating the great cause of the New Culture Movement. The article is especially intended to expose that the three core figures of the New Culture Movement Cai Yuanpei,Chen Duxiu and Hu Shi representing the educational background in Europe,Japan and America respectively,with their own cultural capital and through the three dimensional interaction of education,media and academy made the New Culture Movement outstanding in the cultural field and established the significance of cultural history in the era of the great transformation.