11例颌骨单纯性骨囊肿回顾性研究

Simple bone cyst of the jaw: a retrospective study of 11 cases

目的探讨颌骨单纯性骨囊肿的临床、手术及放射学特点。方法收集颌骨单纯性骨囊肿病例的资料,对其临床、影像学、手术及随访情况进行回顾性研究。结果 11例颌骨单纯性骨囊肿患者中,女性8例,男性3例。10例(90.9%)患者无症状,1例(9.1%)患者出现肿胀。所有的病例均发生于下颌骨且为孤立性病变,无外伤史。10例(90.9%)病变表现为单房,1例(9.1%)表现为多房。病变的形状可分为锥形、圆形、卵圆形、不规则形,分别有3、2、4、2例。10例行手术探查并搔刮骨壁治疗,其中7例(70%)术中发现病变骨腔为空腔,2例(20%)为浆液,1例(10%)为血性浆液。采取手术治疗的3例病变完全愈合,7例显示骨腔内有新骨形成。结论颌骨单纯性骨囊肿通常无症状,下颌骨发病率较高,无明显外伤史,大多数病变骨腔为空腔。单纯行骨壁搔刮术是单纯性骨囊肿的一种有效的治疗方法。

Objective This study described the clinical, surgical, and radiographic findings of simple bone cysts. Methods A retrospective study was conducted for patients diagnosed with simple bone cysts in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2005 to March 2015. Clinical, radiographic, surgical, and follow-up data were gathered. Results were statistically analyzed by central tendency and dispersion using SPSS 20.0 software. Results Eleven cases of simple bone cysts were collected, including three male and eight female patients. Ten cases（90.9%） were asymptomatic and one case developed symptoms of swelling. All of the cases had no history of trauma in the affected area, and all were solitary; ten cases（90.9%） were unilocular, and one（9.1%） was multilocular. The shape of each lesion could be assigned to four categories： cone（3 cases）, round（2 cases）, oval（4 cases）, and irregular（2 cases）. The treatment in 10 cases consisted of surgery to explore the cavity and curettage of the bone walls. During surgery, the bone cavity in seven cases（70%） was vacant, whereas serous fluid was found in two cases（20%） and serous-bloody fluid in one case（10%）. Of the ten cases, three cases exhibited complete bone healing and seven cases showed new bone formation. Conclusion Simple bone cysts of the jaws are usually asymptomatic and appear incidentally on routine radiographies. The prevalence is higher in the mandible and young people. The patient usually has no history of trauma, and the bone cavity of lesion is mostly vacant. Curettage of the bone walls of the lesion is suggested for simple bone cysts. Systemic clinical and radiologic follow-up are necessary to ensure successful treatment.