新型水力搅拌核心设备水力损失公式的推导及应用

Derivation and Application of Hydraulic Loss Formula of New Hydraulic Stirring Core Equipment

厌氧消化反应器制备沼气过程中,搅拌是影响沼气产量的主要因素。常见的搅拌方式有机械搅拌、沼气搅拌和水力搅拌。在传统水力搅拌设备及射流泵的基础上,文中设计了新型的水力搅拌设备,核心设备两级射流喷嘴,其主要结构为一级喷嘴和二级喷嘴。由于射流喷嘴的不规则结构,水力损失主要由局部水力损失构成,文中推导出了两级射流喷嘴的水力损失计算公式,主要包括一级喷嘴的水力损失、吸入液体进入混合室之前的水力损失和混合液体的水力损失。将设计的两级射流喷嘴通过试验验证,根据试验结果将实际水力损失与理论计算的水力损失结果进行拟合比较及误差分析,结果表明实际水力损失与理论计算值结果较为一致,因此推测该公式对两级喷嘴的应用有一定的指导意义。同时试验发现本次设计的两级射流喷嘴射流效率为30%,与射流泵的最优效率接近。

Mixing is the primary factor for biogas production in the anaerobic reactor.Water recycle stirring is considered to be a relatively efficient mixing method.According to the normal stirrer and jet pump,a new jet nozzle was designed in this study,by which the fluid can be mixed fully.It is composed of a primary nozzle and a secondary nozzle.Because of this special composition,hydraulic loss is mainly local hydraulic loss.Hydraulic loss formula of the new jet nozzle was deduced,including hydraulic loss of working fluid in the primary nozzle,inhaled liquid before the mixing chamber and mixing liquid in the chamber.By the experimental verification,the result of the experiment and theoretical calculations is close,which means the deduced formula is reliable.It is found that the efficiency of the jet nozzle is close to 30%,which is close to the optimal efficiency of the jet pump.