膳食铁含量和运动对雌性大鼠延髓抗氧化能力的影响

Effect of Dietary Iron Content and Exercise on Antioxidant Capacity in the Medulla Oblongata in Female Rats

目的:观察膳食铁含量和有氧运动对雌性大鼠延髓抗氧化活性的影响。方法:断乳雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠90只,随机分为6组,其中静息组每组12只,运动组每组18只,分别为铁含量缺乏运动组(IDE)、铁含量缺乏静息组(IDS)、标准铁含量运动组(CNE)、标准铁含量静息组(CNS)、铁含量过载运动组(IOE)、铁含量过载静息组(IOS)。用不同铁含量饲料喂养1个月后,运动组开始游泳,每天1次,持续3个月,静息组除不做运动外,其余处理同对应运动组。最后1次运动后,大鼠空腹24 h,测定大鼠体质量以及脏器和脑质量,检测延髓非血红素铁(non-heme iron,NHI)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和羟自由基抑制能力(hydroxyl radical scavenging capability,HRSC)。结果:CNE组延髓NHI含量显著高于CNS组,SOD和HRSC水平显著低于CNS组;IDE组延髓SOD活力显著高于IDS组,IOE组延髓SOD和HRSC水平均显著高于IOS组。结论:虽然长期运动导致标准铁含量大鼠延髓NHI含量增加从而增加大鼠延髓氧化应激风险,但是有氧运动能有效增加膳食铁过载和铁缺乏的抗氧化能力,对改善膳食铁过载和铁缺乏状态有一定作用。

Objective: To explore the effect of dietary iron content and aerobic exercise on antioxidant capacity in the medulla oblongata in female rats. Methods: Ninety weaning female rats were randomly assigned into dietary iron deficiency group(ID), dietary iron sufficiency group(CN) and dietary iron overload group(IO), and the animals in each group was further divided into exercise(E) and sedentary groups(S). After feeding for 1 month, the rats in each exercise group entered a swimming program once per day(5 days per week) for 3 months, and the rats in the sedentary groups were given the same treatment except for swimming. Animals were fasted for 24 hours after the last exercise regimen. The body weight, organ weight, and medulla oblongata non-heme iron(NHI) content, SOD activity and hydroxyl radical scavenging capability(HRSC) of rats were measured. Results: NHI content in the medulla oblongata from CNS group was significantly lower than that in CNE group; SOD and HRSC activities in the medulla oblongata from CNS group were even higher than those in CNE group. SOD activity in the medulla oblongata from IDE group was remarkably higher than that in IDS group; HRSC and SOD levels the medulla oblongata from IOE group were dramatically higher than those in IOS group. Conclusion: Exercise can increase NHI content in the medulla oblongata from dietary iron sufficiency groups and increase the risk of oxidative stress. Aerobic exercise can effectively enhance the antioxidant capacity in dietary iron deficiency and iron overload groups. Therefore, exercise can improve the dietary iron deficiency and iron overload status.