金针菇菇脚对肉鸡血清生化指标和脂肪沉积的影响

Effect of Flammulina velutipes Stembase on Serum Biochemical Indices and Fat Deposition in Broilers

目的:研究金针菇菇脚(Flammulina velutipes stembase,FVS)对Arbor Acres(AA)肉鸡血清生化指标、腹脂沉积、肝脏以及肌肉中脂肪含量的影响。方法:选用1日龄AA肉鸡270羽,随机分为5个处理组(每个处理组3个重复,每个重复18只):空白组(饲喂基础日粮)、抗生素组(基础日粮+5 mg/kg黄霉素)、3个水平的FVS组(基础日粮+2%、4%、6%FVS,均为质量分数,下同),实验期为42 d。结果:1)与空白组相比,日粮中添加2%和6%的FVS可显著降低肉鸡血清中甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)含量(P<0.05);2)各剂量的FVS均可降低21日龄肉鸡血清中总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)含量(P<0.05),显著提高21日龄肉鸡血清中瘦素(leptin,LEP)含量(P<0.05),而对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)水平无显著影响(P>0.05);3)与空白组相比,FVS可显著提高肉鸡体质量(P<0.05),各剂量的FVS可明显降低胸肌、腿肌、肝脏脂肪含量,而各组肉鸡粪便中脂肪含量无显著差异(P>0.05);4)与空白组相比,日粮中添加4%和6%的FVS可显著降低42日龄肉鸡腹脂率(P<0.05),日粮中添加2%和6%的FVS可显著提高42日龄肉鸡的激素敏感脂肪酶(hormone-sensitive lipase,HSL)活力(P<0.05)。结论:在肉鸡饲粮中添加FVS能够促进肉鸡生长,同时起到一定的降血脂和减少机体脂肪沉积的作用。

Experiments were conducted to study the effect of Flammulina velutipes stembase(FVS) on serum biochemical indexes, abdominal fat, and lipid contents in liver and muscle of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates of 18 chickens each: control group(basal diet), antibiotic group(basal diet + 5 mg/kg flavomycin), and FVS groups at 3 levels(basal diets containing 2%, 4% and 6% FVS). The experimental period lasted 42 days. The results showed that: 1) dietary supplementation with 2% and 6% FVS significantly decreased serum triglyceride(TG)(P < 0.05); 2) FVS at each concentration significantly reduced serum total cholesterol(TC)(P < 0.05), and increase the content of leptin(LEP) in serum(P < 0.05), although having no obvious effect on high density lipoprotein(HDL-C) or low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)(P > 0.05); 3) different treatment groups revealed a significant increase in the body weight of broilers(P < 0.05) and a reduction of lipid contents in liver, thigh muscle, and breast muscle although no significant effect on the excreta of broiler was found(P > 0.05); 4) the abdominal fat deposition was significantly reduced in the broilers fed with 4% and 6% FVS(P < 0.05), and the activity of HSL was significantly enhanced in the broilers fed with 2% and 6% FVS(P < 0.05). These results suggested that FVS could reduce serum lipid and lipid deposition in broilers.