小麦骨干亲本碧蚂4号及其衍生品种的醇溶蛋白组成分析

Analysis of Gliadin Composition of Founder Parent Bima No.4 and Its Derivative Cultivars

为了揭示小麦骨干亲本醇溶蛋白组成的遗传演化规律,利用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE）技术,对骨干亲本碧蚂4号衍生系谱共98个品种（系）的醇溶蛋白组成进行分析。结果表明,碧蚂4号有16条醇溶蛋白谱带,与系谱涉及的中间亲本相比,碧蚂4号的Gli64.5（β区）是其特有条带,遗传到衍生后代品种（系）的频率达到11.3%;碧蚂4号在α区的Gli81.7和Gli74.3、β区的Gli66.9和Gli62.2、γ区的Gli56.7和Gli47.7以及ω区的Gli18.9和Gli16.7共8条带均在系谱4个世代呈现高频率遗传趋势,频率为59.0%-100.0%,进一步分析发现,碧蚂4号衍生品种（系）系谱中涉及的多数中间亲本与碧蚂4号具有相同迁移率的谱带,表明育种过程中这些谱带被不断地补充进来;γ区的Gli52.3和ω区的Gli33.0、Gli30.0、Gli28.1、Gli20.9均只在碧蚂4号衍生的个别世代品种（系）中占主导地位,这可能与不同时期育种目标的变化有关。以上分析说明,育种选择对醇溶蛋白演变起到非常重要的作用。

In onier to investigate the evolution rules of gliadin inheritancewheat, the gliadin composition of founder parent Bima No. 4 , its 80 derivative cultivars and 17 intermedi-ate parents included in the pedigree were analyzed by using aci（d polyacrylamide gePAGE ） . The results showed that there were 16 bands in Bima No . 4 , and Gli64. 5 in β ferent band compared witli ai otlier parental cultivars, which could inherited to 11.3 %progeniesance frequencies of eight bands, which were Gli81.7 and Gli 74. 3 in α zone, Gli66.9 and Gli62. 2 in β zone, Gli56. 7 and Gli47.7 in ω zone, Gli18. 9 and Gli16. 7 in ω zone, in Bima No. 4 keeped high in four generations, varied from 59. 0% to 100. 0% . Most of the otiier parental cultivars in the four generationshad the same bands with Bima No. 4 , indicating that these bands were supplemented conticourse of breeding. The Gli20. 9 , Gli28. 1, Gli30. 0 and Gli33.0 in ω zone as well as Gli52. 3 in ω zone were high in individual generations, and this might be correlated with breeding aims at different period. This indicated the selection of breeding had very important effect on evoliution of gliadin.