基于奖牌分布的田径运动竞争格局特征探析

The competition pattern of track and field sports based on the distribution of medals

大赛奖牌榜反映各参赛国的总体实力,奖牌分布则直观清晰地反映该项目的竞争格局及其特征。采用文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法,对2008年北京奥运会到2015年北京田径锦标赛期间的2届奥运会和4届锦标赛奖牌榜进行统计分析,归纳总结奖牌分布特点,客观地判断各参赛国田径竞技的实力,剖析世界田坛的竞争格局特征,旨在为我国制定田径发展战略目标提供理论依据。

The competition medal list reflects the overall strength of the participating countries,and the distribution of the medals is a clear reflection of the competition pattern and characteristics of the project. The article uses the method of literature,mathematical statistics and logic analysis to make a statistical analysis of the medal lists of Olympic Games and Track and Field Championships during2008 ~ 2015. It gives an inductive summary of medal distribution,and analyses the characteristics and the real strength of each participating country. The analysis of the competition pattern of world athletics can provide a theoretical basis for China to develop strategic objective of track and field project.