青海省格尔木山前平原区地下水动态特征分析

Groundwater table dynamics in Golmud piedmont plain of Qinghai Province

在格尔木山前平原区水文地质条件基础上,结合多年地下水位监测资料,对格尔木河冲洪积平原区的多年水位动态特征及其影响因素进行了分析研究,总结出该地区的地下水动态类型.格尔木山前平原区3个不同区域由于赋存条件及开发利用条件的不同,地下水动态类型分异显著.研究区地下水整体流向与地形起伏相一致,自南向北径流,区域上流场形态变化不大.冲洪积扇中上部地下水多年动态处于平衡状态,近年来由于开采力度加大,地下水位呈急速下降趋势,地下水动态类型为水文-径流型;冲洪积扇下部地下水位以区域性下降为主,地下水动态类型主要为蒸发型;冲洪积扇西翼水源地附近由于地下水调蓄能力较强,地下水位总体呈稳定并局部有上升趋势,地下水动态类型为水文-人类活动型.

Based on the study of hydrogeological condition in Golmud piedmont pain,the annual groundwater level and its control factors were analyzed.The temporal-spatial variations of groundwater level from 1990 to2013 were analyzed and the groundwater dynamic types were summarized.Due to the different storage conditions and exploitation degrees,the groundwater types are remarkably different in the three study subregions.The groundwater flow direction is from south to north,which is consistent with the terrain,and the regional flow field has varied less during the last five years.The annual groundwater variation in the upper and middle regions of the alluvial-proluvial fan remains in equilibrium state,while the groundwater level has decreased sharply due to the over-exploitation in the last few years,and the groundwater dynamic type is hydrological-runoff type.The groundwater level in the lower part of the alluvial-proluvial fan has decreased and the groundwater dynamic type is evaporation type mainly.The groundwater level in the western part of the alluvial-proluvial fan has remained stable and increased in some parts due to the strong regulation and storage capacity of the aquifer,the groundwater dynamic type is hydrological-exploitation type.