当归黄芪半仿生提取物对腹部术后大鼠胃肠运动功能障碍的影响

Effects of Semi Bionic Extraction of Angelica Sinensis and Astragalus Membranaceus on Gastrointestinal Motility Dysfunction after Abdominal Surgery in Rats

目的观察当归黄芪半仿生提取物对腹部术后大鼠胃肠运动功能障碍的影响。方法 SD大鼠结肠2处横向切口,原位缝合,建立腹部手术模型,随机分为模型组、阳性对照组(西沙比利0.003 5 g·kg?1)、当归黄芪水提物组(AEA,生药5.2 g·kg?1)、当归黄芪半仿生提取物(SEA)高、中、低剂量组(生药10.5,5.2,2.6 g·kg?1),设假手术组,每组10只,术后24 h灌胃给药,连续10 d。观察大鼠一般状态,记录首次排便时间和粪便量;测定大鼠摄食量,胃肠推进指数和血浆胃动素(motilin,MTL)和血清胃泌素(gastrin,GAS)水平;观察结肠组织形态Cajal间质细胞(interstitial cells of Cajal,ICC)结构,检测结肠肌球蛋白轻链激酶(myosin light chain kinase,MLCK)、肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白含量。结果术后大鼠排便减少、体质量减轻、胃肠推进指数减小(P<0.05),血浆MTL和血清GAS含量均降低(P<0.01),结肠平滑肌细胞间隙变大,数量减少,ICC结构明显损伤;MLCK、肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白含量明显下降(P<0.01)。给药第9天,SEA高、中剂量组体质量增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),首次排便时间缩短、排便量增多(P<0.05),且24 h食量增加(P<0.05,P<0.01);胃肠推进指数增加、血浆MTL和血清GAS含量均升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),结肠ICC细胞数量较多,结构完整;结肠MLCK、肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白含量均有上升(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论当归黄芪半仿生提取物对腹部术后大鼠胃肠运动功能障碍具有一定的治疗作用,作用机制与升高血液MTL和GAS及结肠平滑肌收缩相关蛋白的含量有关。

OBJECTIVE To study effects of semi bionic extraction of Angelica sinensis and Astragalus membranaceus（SEA） on gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in abdominal surgery rats, and to explore its mechanisms. METHODS The abdominal cavities of SD rats were opened, two transverse incisions were operated at colon appendix. After operation at 24 h, the rats were randomly divided into operation model group, positive control group（0.003 5 g·kg^-1 of cisapride）, aqueous extract of A. sinensis and A. membranaceus（AEA） control group（5.2 g·kg^-1 of AEA）, high, medium and low dose group of SEA（10.5, 5.2, 2.6 g·kg^-1 of SEA）, sham operation group. Treatments were lasted 10 d. The general state of the rats, the time of first defecation and stool weight in 6 h were recorded, food intake and gastrointestinal propulsive index were measured, the levels of motilin（MTL） and gastrin（GAS） in blood were measured by ELISA; morphology and colonic interstitial cells of Cajal（ICC） were observed; the content of myosin light chain kinase（MLCK）, actin and myosin were detected. RESULTS The gastrointestinal propulsion index（GPI）, the levels of MTL and GAS in blood were reduced（P〈0.01）, vascular smooth muscle was dilated, thinning, muscle fibrosis was visible, granulation, the ultra-structure of ICC was damaged, the contents of MLCK and actin were decreased after the operation（P〈0.01）. The body weight of rats were increased, the first defecation time was shortened in the high or medium dose of SEA group（P〈0.05）, the amount of defecation was increased, and food intake increased（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; GPI and the content of MTL and GAS in blood increased. Colonic pathological change was improved and the number of ICC was increased and the content of MLCK, actin and myosin were increased in high or medium dose of SEA group（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION The certain therapeutic effect of SEA on gastrointestinal motor dysfunction are determinate in abdominal operation rats, the mechanisms associates with the levels of MTL and GAS in blood, and the smooth muscle contraction associates proteins.