江苏省2014年卫生资源配置现状及公平性研究

Research on the status and equality of health resource allocation of Jiangsu Province in 2014

目的:探讨2014年江苏省卫生资源配置现状及公平性,进一步优化卫生资源配置,为江苏省卫生规划提供科学依据。方法:运用统计描述、洛伦茨曲线、基尼系数等方法对江苏省13个市2014年的机构、床位、执业(助理)医师和财政补助等卫生资源进行人口和地理的公平性评价。结果:江苏省2014年机构、床位、执业(助理)医师和财政补助的人口公平性基尼系数分别为0.15、0.05、0.06、0.22;地理公平性基尼系数分别为0.14、0.24、0.25、0.39。结论:江苏省人均卫生资源苏南、苏中、苏北地区配置不均衡,财政补助配置的人口和地理公平性相对较差,床位、执业(助理)医师、财政补助的人口公平性优于地理公平性。在卫生资源配置中,要注重地理特性,因地制宜制定合理的卫生规划。

Objective： To explore the status and equality of health resource allocation in Jiangsu Province in 2014, so as to optimize health resource allocation and provide scientific references for health administrator to make planning. Methods： We used descriptive statistics, Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient to evaluate demographical and geographical equity of resource allocation in Jiangsu Province. Results： In the aspect of demographical distribution, the Gini coefficient of health services institution, number of sickbeds, doctor number and financial aid was 0.15, 0.05, 0.06, and 0.22, respectively. In the aspect of geographical distribution, the Gini coefficients was 0.14, 0.24, 0.25 and 0.39, respectively. Conclusion： The average health resource allocation was imbalance in south, middle, and north areas of Jiangsu Province. The demographical and geographical equity of financial aid was worse relatively. The demographical distribution of number of sickbeds, doctor number and financial aid allocation was more reasonable than the geographical distribution in Jiangsu Province. The speciality of geographical distribution of health resources allocation should be emphasized in planning regional health services.