论行为无价值的价值——基于《行为无价值论批判》解释的展开

On the Value of the Theory of Handlungsunwert:Based on the Paper of Criticism on the Theory of Handlungsunwert

结果无价值对行为无价值有诸多批评,在学派之争的基础上,行为无价值发展茁壮。行为无价值逻辑上能够自满,着眼未来法益和国民行为的规范引导,合理区分不能犯和未遂犯。结果无价值在被害人同意问题上不能贯彻到底。在排除违法事由的偶然防卫上得出无罪的结论,对主观违法要素考察不周延。法益的概念同样具有模糊性,只是经验性的后天裁判工具,不具有规范的先验自在性,因此不能单独成为违法的判断基准。规范是法益侵害处罚的基础。从规范义务的角度能对特殊案件进行目的理性的构成要件进行实质解释,不考虑行为人主观情事的物的违法论扩大了违法范围,不利于保障人权。从刑法哲学和政治学考虑,我国现行国情不宜实施结果无价值。

The followers of the theory of erfolgsunwert often criticize those who hold Handlungsunwert. Upon the basis of academic debate,the latter prevails. It＇s believed that handlungsunwert can be complacent on logic,focusing on the future of legal interests and the national norms of behavior guidance,it helps reasonably distinguish between the impossibility and attempted crime. Erfolgsunwert can not carry out in the end in the victim＇s consent. Those who hold erfolgsunwert may reach the conclusion of innocence in accidental defense,which shows incomplete consideration of the subjective element of illegality. The concept of legal interest is so ambiguous that it can only be used as an acquired judgment tool based on experiences,without a priori free standard,thus it can not become a benchmark to determine the legality of behavior. Relevant laws and regulations are the basis of the law of punishment. From the angle of legal obligations in special cases,it can offer substantive interpretation to the rational elements of components,disregarding the expansion of the scope of the illegal behavior of subjective matter on violation of law,and not conducive to the protection of human rights.Considering from the philosophy of law and politics,China＇s current national conditions should not be carried out the theory of erfolgsunwert.