四川省自贡市极薄煤层煤矿煤工尘肺流行病学及影像学特点

Epidemiological and Radiological Characteristics of Pneumoconiosis in Coal Workers of Ultra-thin Seam Mines in Zigong of Sichuan Province

目的探讨四川省自贡市极薄煤层煤矿煤工尘肺流行病学及影像学特点,为极薄煤层煤矿煤工尘肺防治提供基础性依据。方法对自贡市2004-2011年诊断资料完整的672例煤工尘肺采取回顾性调查研究;采用分层抽样,对15家煤矿企业的总粉尘浓度和游离二氧化硅含量进行现场检测;并用Spss20.0进行统计分析。结果 672例煤工尘肺来源于荣县和富顺县。发病工种主要为采煤工,占总数的69.05%。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期煤工尘肺平均发病工龄分别为16.43年、16.98年和18.37年。606例煤工尘肺胸片影像表现以圆形小阴影为主,其中q影431例,占总数的71.12%。15家企业106个岗位的8 h时间加权平均浓度均超过国家职业卫生限值,88.89%的粉尘的游离二氧化硅含量大于10%。结论自贡市煤工尘肺的防治重点为荣县和富顺县的采煤工,其胸片影像以小阴影q影为主。

Objective To investigate epidemiological and radiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in coal workers of ultra- thin seam mines in Zigong of Sichuan Province and provide a fundamental basis for prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in coal workers of ultra- thin seam mines. Methods A retrospective investigational study was conducted in 672 coal workers with pneumoconiosis and complete diagnosis information in Zigong in 2004 to 2011. With stratified sampling,total dust and free silica concentrations in 15 coal mines were measured on site and statistically analyzed using spss20. 0. Results The 672 coal workers with pneumoconiosis were from Rongxian County and Fushun County. The major type of work in the workers with pneumoconiosis was coal mining,accounting for 69. 05%. The average ages of onset of stage- I,II and II coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis were 16. 43,16. 98 and 18. 37 years,respectively. Chest films of 606 coal workers were manifested mainly as small round shadows; q shadows were found in 431（ 71. 12%） workers. The 8- hour TWA dust concentrations of 106 posts in all of the 15 coal mines were beyond the national occupational health limit,and the free silica contents in 88. 89% of dust samples were more than 10%. Conclusion Coal workers in Rongxian County and Fushun County are the key subjects in prevention and treatment of coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis in Zigong; small q shadows are the major manifestation of chest films.