山西宁武天池水量衰减分析

Analysis of the attenuation of Tianchi water capacity in Ningwu County of Shanxi Province

山西宁武天池是我国珍贵的高山湖泊和地质历史遗迹。近年来,天池湖泊水量衰减日趋严重,水量衰减原因可归为自然因素与人类活动两类。水文分析计算表明:自然因素中降水量与蒸发量并非天池水量衰竭的主要因素,天池水量减少的主要原因是人类活动影响,造成天池底部隔水底板发生不同程度的裂隙,从而使天池水资源沿基岩裂隙下渗排出,并破坏区域地下水流动规律,导致地下水补给减少及渗漏量增大,进而造成天池储蓄水量减少和水面不断收缩。

Tianchi Lake in Ningwu,Shanxi Province is a precious alpine lake and the geologically historical relic in China. However,water attenuation in Tianchi Lake is becoming more and more serious.The hydrological calculation analysis indicates that the water attenuation in Tianchi is influenced by both the natural factors and human activities. This study shows that precipitation and evaporation in the natural factors cannot be regarded as the main factors caused the water attenuation of Tianchi. The attenuation is mainly because of the water leakage from cracks in the bedrock at the bottom of the Tianchi caused by human activities. The flowing pattern of the regional groundwater is revised,which results in the reduction of recharging and continuous shrinkage of the water surface of Tianchi.