基于极球面投影的极区格网坐标表示方法

Polar Navigation Method Based on Polar Stereographic Projection

随着全球气候变暖,北极冰盖的快速消融使北极航道的夏季全线通航成为可能,但由于极区经线的快速收敛,导致基于地理坐标的传统航海导航方法误差过大而不能使用。针对这一问题引发的极区导航问题进行研究,首先对常用海图及传统航海导航方法在极区使用存在的问题进行分析,然后采用极球面投影下的极区格网坐标表示方法,给出了极球面投影格网坐标与地理坐标的转换关系,该方法能够使在极区航行的船舶便捷、准确地确定其在地球的位置,为极区航海作业提供方便。

The global climate is getting warmer and warmer, the arctic ice cover is melting more quickly which enable the whole line navigation of arctic channel in summer, the rapid convergence of geographic meridians in arctic makes the naviga?tion error of the traditional navigation method based on the geographic coordinate system too strong to use. In view of the a?bove?mentioned facts, the polar navigation is researched in this paper, the problem of using in arctic of the conventional chart and the traditional navigation method is analysed firstly, the polar grid coordinate representation based on the polar stereographic projection is represented, the conversion relationship between the geographical coordinates and the grid coordi?nates based on the polar stereographic projection is derived, the method represented in this paper can provide a precise posi?tion on earth for the polar navigation, and it is convenient for polar maritime jobs.