中国北方渔猎民族萨满治病舞蹈的符号学解读

The Semiotic Research on Shaman Healing Dances by Hunting and Fishing Nationality in North China

本文运用罗兰·巴特结构主义符号学的方法,从中国北方渔猎民族萨满治病舞蹈的表层形态入手,逐层深入地探入其深层结构,并以此为据探讨萨满治病舞蹈在北方渔猎民族的社会发展过程中所发挥的功能和作用。在此基础上提出:萨满治病舞蹈的形态是渔猎民族在自身生存方式修辞化表达的过程中建构起来的,是渔猎民族在适应环境、改造环境过程中形成的生存方式本身。萨满治病舞蹈在萨满教仪式中发挥着对生存方式叙事和表达的功能;并且通过与整个萨满教仪式其他要素结合形成的整体对人们生存观念产生影响,间接起到推动社会发展和进步的作用。

Mainly using the semiotic research method of structuralism by Roland Barthes,this paper explores from the surface morphology of Shaman healing dance to its deep structure,on which the discussion about function and effect of the dance during social development are built.On this basis,healing dance forms were constructed in the process of the rhetoric expression of the people' s living style,which was developed through the environment adaptation and evolution by the hunting and fishing nation.The dance plays the role of narration and expression function of living style in Shaman rituals,influencing people' s living concept through the connection with other elements of Shaman ritual,and indirectly promoting social development and progress.