56例黑变病变应原分析

Analysis of Allergens of Melanosis in 56 Cases

目的分析黑变病患者的接触性变应原。方法对2010年6月-2013年10月确诊为黑变病的56例患者行斑贴试验和百康检查,对结果进行统计学分析并对入选患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 56例患者中,斑贴试验阳性50例,百康检查阳性40例。斑贴试验排在前3位的致敏物质主要是:硫酸镍(33.9%)、铝(21.4%)、重铬酸钾(16.1%)。其中男性患者铝、橡胶化合物、氯化钴的阳性检出率高于女性,女性患者硫酸镍阳性检出率高于男性,以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论金属性物质硫酸镍、铝、重铬酸钾可能是黑变病的主要变应原。

Objective To analyze the contact allergens of melanosis. Methods Fifty-six patients confirmed with melanosis between June 2010 and October 2013 received patch test and BICOM test, and the results were analyzed statistically and clinical data of the included patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 56 patients, 50 patch tests and 40 BICOM tests were positive. The top three chemical allergic resources in patch test of these patients were nickel sulfate （33.9%）, aluminum （21,4%）, and potassium dichromate （16.1%）. The positive rates of male patients with aluminum, rubber compounds and cobalt chloride were significantly higher than those of females. The positive rate of female patients with nickel sulfate was significantly higher than that of males. The differences were all significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Nickel sulfate, aluminum and potassium dichromate may be the main allergens of melanosis.