国内乡村旅游社区研究综述

Review of Research about Rural Ttourism Community in China

近十年来,对"乡村旅游社区"的学术关注度不断提升,乡村旅游社区相关的研究成果数量快速增长,众多博士和硕士研究生论文涉及乡村旅游社区相关内容,不少高校形成了这一课题的研究团队。研究乡村旅游社区的方法以实地调查为基础,结合了田野调查法和问卷调查法、访谈法、比较研究法、层次分析法和扎根理论分析法,此外,还应用到了结构方程模型、统计分析、回归分析、相关性分析等定量方法。应用到很多理论作为支撑,其中最多的是社会学相关理论。在宏观和微观领域结合时间和空间序列变化,成为乡村旅游社区研究的两个维度,两大视角。相关研究内容主要集中在社区参与方面,其次就是居民感知和利益分配问题,在每一个研究方向中,又形成丰富细化的体系。从文献中可以梳理出乡村旅游社区研究的发展趋势和有待进一步探讨的问题。在此基础上,与国外乡村旅游社区相关的研究内容进行比较,会有更多的借鉴和思考。

With the rapid development of rural tourism,the integrated degree of agriculture and tourism has gradually increased.Farmers have no longer relied solely on farming,the development of tourism activities have become an important part of their life.Farmers＇ habitation has become the place with travel value where a large number of related tourism employees gathering instead of traditional ordinary rural.Many scholars began to focus on the characteristics,meaning,scope,form of activity,the benefits distribution of this region.Through these efforts,they put forward the concept of Rural Tourism Community and draw a series of related research results.Rural Tourism Community has not only features of travel community and countryside tourism,but also its own characteristics.Discussion in this study is only around the literature about Rural Tourism Community.Study object is the rural communities where tourism and related industries constitute the main industry,rather than the ordinary rural communities.Based on the CNKI database,in order to ＂rural tourism＂ and ＂community＂ as subjects,with accurate search and unlimited word frequency,a total of 701 related papers are contented as of August 2015.In nearly a decade,academic attention about ＂rural tourism communities＂ is growing rapidly,numbers of research related to rural tourism community,many doctor and master graduate thesis involved in rural tourism community,many colleges and universities has formed the subject of the research team,especially in zhejiang university,guizhou university,yunnan normal university is most prominent,the relevant papers published the most scholars mainly concentrated in the industrial and commercial college in shandong and guangxi university,represented by liu tao and xing-qun li.Research methods is based on investigation,accounted for more than 30%,these rural tourism community are both typical and representative,combined with field and questionnaire investigation,interview method,comparative method,analytic hierarchy process and grounded theory analysis,and also applied to the structural equation model,statistical analysis,regression analysis,correlation analysis and other quantitative methods.Applied to a lot of theory as the support,most of them are sociological theory,otherwise involves geographic space theory and economic theory.In the field of macro and micro combined with space and time sequence change,become the two dimensions of two perspectives.community participation are mainly concentrated,account for more than half of all research results（as shown in figure 5）,followed by the residents awareness and profit allocation problems,And it forms a rich refining system in each study direction.Tease out the research trend of rural tourism community from literatures and pursue further discussion.We should not only see the opportunities brought by rural tourism development,but also pay more attention to ＂human＂ related to rural tourism communities.Considering stakeholders as main perspective,we should improve the function of rural tourism community from consulting,education,decision-making,supervision,distribution and so on.Drawing relevant theories and cases from foreign to equalize the governance structure,strengthen the conflict management,improve the power and participate capacity,focus on the coordination of community interest,promote the effective increases and the power effectiveness.Finally,rural tourism is on the road of sustainable development and we can also have a harmonious rural tourism community.It is necessary to mentioned that in the research of this paper,the definition,research methods,keywords search,and the comparison of foreign,are not perfect,it remains to be further discussion.