磷酸酯型三硅氧烷表面活性剂的合成及应用性能

Synthesis and application properties of phosphate trisiloxane surfactants

在H_2PtCl6催化下,1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷(HTSO)和烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚(FAE-10)经硅氢加成反应先制得端羟基聚醚改性三硅氧烷(TPETS),再与H_3PO_4进行酯化反应,合成了一种磷酸酯型三硅氧烷表面活性剂(PTSS).用正交试验对其酯化反应条件进行了优化,用红外光谱(IR)对PTSS的结构进行了表征,并对PTSS的临界表面张力、临界胶束浓度以及在农药中的应用性能等进行了测定.结果表明:酯化反应的优化条件为n(TPETS)∶n(H_3PO_4)=1∶1.1、反应温度80℃、反应时间4h.PTSS的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为5.0×10^(-4) g/mL,临界表面张力(γ_(cmc))为21.9 mN/m.在41%草甘麟异丙胺盐水剂和36%甲基硫菌灵悬浮剂各1 000倍稀释药液中添加质量分数为0.1%的PTSS后,可使其农药稀释液的表面张力(γ)分别由54.83mN/m和45.48mN/m降至20.38mN/m和17.40mN/m;可使其在银杏树叶、七叶树叶、梧桐叶、塑料薄膜上的铺展面积分别增大4~8倍和2~4倍.

Hydroxyl-terminated polyether modified trisiloxanes （TPETS）was prepared by hydrosilylation of 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane（HTSO）with allyl polyoxyethylene ether （FAE-10）in the presence of chloroplatinic acid.A new kind of phosphate trisiloxane surfactants （PTSS）was synthesized by the esterification reaction of TPETS with phosphoric acid（H3 PO4 ）.The esterification reaction conditions of PTSS synthesis were optimized using orthogonal test.The structure of PTSS was characterized by infrared spectra （IR）.The criti-cal surface tension （γcmc ）and critical micelle concentration （cmc）of PTSS solution were measured.And its application was investigated in pesticide.Experimental results were showed as follows.Optimum conditions of the esterification reaction for the PTSS are that reaction temperature is 80 ℃,reaction time is 4 h,n（TPETS）∶n（H3PO4）=1∶1.1.Theγcmcof PTSS solution is 21.9 mN/m,the cmc of PTSS solution is 5.0×10-4 g/mL.When PTSS solution was added with 0.1% into glyphosate isopropylamin 41% AS and thiophanate-methyl 36% SC diluted to 1 000 times with water,the surface tension of glyphosate isoprop-ylamin solution and thiophanate-methyl solution decreased from 54.83 mN/m and 45.48 mN/m to 20.38 mN/m and 17.40 mN/m,respectively.It′s the spreading area on the ginkgo leaves,horse chestnut leaves,french phoenix tree leaves and plastic film is increased 4～8 times and 2～4 times,respectively.