江西省儿童青少年近10年身体形态发育趋势研究

The Research on the Body Form Development of Children and Adolescents in Jiangxi Province in Recent 10 Years

目的：探讨江西省儿童青少年生长发育长期趋势的变化特征.方法：采集江西7-18岁学生2000年、2005年和2010年体质调研的身高、体重、胸围的原始数据,比较分析近10年学生身体形态发育的变化.结果：江西学生身高、体重和胸围符合一般的生长发育规律,随年龄的增长均有不同程度的增长,生长水平表现出明显的长期趋势;前5年（2000-2005年）和后5年（2005-2010年）相比,身高、体重和胸围增长水平和增长速度呈现不同的特点,即受遗传潜力制约较大的身高生长高峰期在今后可能增幅会放缓,受后天环境因素影响较大的体重和胸围生长高峰期将会继续,但＂正向＂增长势头正在减弱,逐渐会趋于稳定.结论：江西7-18岁学生身体形态生长水平继续表现出明显的增长趋势;城乡学生在身体形态发育水平上的总体差异依然存在;乡村学生遗传生长潜力正在全面释放,城乡差异呈逐渐缩小趋势.

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the change characteristics of children and adolescents in Jiangxi province from the aspect of growth and development in the long-term trend. The methods used in the paper is to collect the original data of the height,weight,circumference in 2000,2005 and 2010（ students whose age is from 7 to 18 year olds in Jiangxi）,and then have a comparative analysis on the changes of students＇ physical development in the past 10 years. The results shows that Jiangxi students＇ height,weight and chest measurement are in accordance with the law of growth and development,with the growth of their age,we finds that the growth level has significant long-term trend in different degrees; to have a comparative between 5 years ago（ 2000 to 2005） and 5 years later（ 2005 to 2010）,the growth level and rate in height,weight and chest measurement has different characteristics,it means that the height growth peak which is restricted by genetic potential will slow in the future,while the height growth peak in the body weight and chest measurement which is greatly affected by environmental factors will continue,but positive growth momentum is weakening gradually and to be stable. The conclusion is that the students in 7 years old to 18 years old from Jiangxi whose growth level of body shape has significant growth trend; the overall discrepancy in the students between urban and rural from the level of physical development still exist; the potential genetic growth of rural students is fully released,the difference between urban and rural areas is gradually narrowing.