论儒释嬗变对越南汉文小说的影响——以黎朝作品为中心

On the Influence of Evolution from Buddhism to Confucianism on Vietnamese Novels in Chinese: Centering around the Works in Le Dynasty

在越南思想界,佛教和儒教地位此消彼长,其影响也经由了一个盛衰的始末。直至黎朝,儒教逐渐占据主导地位,而佛教由盛转衰。与之相对应的是,黎朝越南汉文小说中的佛教作品数量大幅减少,作者也由佛教徒变成儒生,作品的佛教韵味慢慢淡薄甚至与佛教教义背道而驰。相反,黎朝的汉文小说受儒家思想文化影响,不仅多次出现儒家作品的名称和引用儒家经典原文,还十分强调儒家君臣观和家庭伦理观,这可以看作是儒教在越南确立统治地位的一个切面。

In the intellectual circles of Vietnam, the statuses of Buddhism and Confucianism were taking turns; their impacts went through the ups and downs in the history. Until Le dynasty, Confucianism gradually took the dominant position, while Buddhism turned from flourish to decadence. Correspondingly, the number of Buddhist works in Vietnamese novels in Chinese reduced sharply during the Le Dynasty, the authors also became Confucian scholars from Buddhist, the Buddhist charm in the works faded away, even some of them became contrary to Buddhist doctrines. In contrast, the novels in Chinese during Le Dynasty were influenced by Confucian ideology and culture, not only the names of the Confucian works and references to the original Confucian classics appeared frequently,but also Confucian monarch-subject thought and family values and ethics were greatly emphasized,which can be seen as a section of the establishment of the dominance of Confucianism in Vietnam.