输卵管超声造影的临床实践

Clinical Practice in Ultrasonography of Fallopian Tube

目前,不孕症的发病率越来越高。对于因不孕症就诊的女性,输卵管通畅性检查是必不可少的环节。诊断输卵管通畅性的"金标准"是腹腔镜下美蓝通液术,目前一线检查方法是子宫输卵管造影(HSG)。但腹腔镜下美蓝通液术需住院在全身麻醉下进行,HSG又存在碘过敏、放射线暴露等风险,因此学者们一直致力于研究输卵管超声造影技术。目前常见的输卵管超声造影技术包括盐水灌注超声造影(SIS)、子宫输卵管超声造影(HyCoSy)、子宫输卵管超声泡沫造影(HyFoSy)等,尤其以HyCoSy应用最广。与传统的腹腔镜下美蓝通液术及HSG相比,HyCoSy诊断效果可靠,操作过程简便,耐受性好,又避免了上述缺点,有望成为评估输卵管通畅性的一线方法。

Nowadays, the prevalence of infertility is increasing. For infertile women, it is necessary to assess tubal patency. The gold standard of tubal patency assessment is laparoscopy with chromopertubation （LC）. Hysterosalpingography （HSG）, the most widely used technique, may cause iodine allergy and radiation exposure. Therefore, ultrasonography is expected as an alternative method of tubal patency assessment. At present, ultrasonography of fallopian tube consists of saline-infusion sonography （SIS）, hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography （HyCoSy） and hysterosalpingo-foam sonography （HyFoSy）, and HyCoSy is the most commonly used. Compared to traditional LC and HSG, HyCoSy shows accuracy and convenience while avoiding hospitalization, general anesthesia, radiation and iodine allgery, which makes it a promising technique in the future.