日本农业科研体制改革特点与启示

The Enlightenment of the Institutional Reform of Japanese Agricultural R&D System

中国农业科研体制改革已有30年之久,改革的难度越来越大,亟需寻找新的突破口。日本独立行政法人改革的部分做法和经验值得借鉴。通过梳理日本独立行政法人改革的内涵与特点,提出从加强改革的顶层设计、提高科研机构决策的独立自主性、提高科研资源利用效率、增强机构运行与考核的透明性、实行目标管理和完善考核制度等方面,对中国农业科研体制进行改革。

The agricultural R＆D system reform in China has been 30 years. The reform is becoming more and more difficult and necessary to find a new way out. Japan has accumulated some successful experience from the Incorporated Administrative Agency （IAA） reform which will be a good reference. Accordingly, by sorting out Japan＇s experience and achievements of IAA reform, we propose reforming the agricultural R＆D system in China by strengthening the top design of reform, improving decision-making independence of R＆D institutions and the efficiency of resource use, enforcing the transparency of institutional operation and assessment, implementing objective management and perfecting the evaluation system.