《威尼斯商人》中的反犹主义

On the Anti-Semitism in Shakespeare＇s The Merchant of Venice

作为莎士比亚为数不多的着重刻画少数族裔人群的作品之一，《威尼斯商人》集中体现了以莎士比亚为代表的文艺复兴时期西欧人文主义者对待犹太人复杂而矛盾的态度：一方面，根植于欧洲社会的反犹排犹思想促使他们将犹太人的形象贬低成贪婪的利己主义者；另一方面，他们深受文艺复兴时期人文主义的影响，维护人的尊严，主张自由平等，表现出了对处在水深火热之中的犹太人的同情和关怀。就莎士比亚在《威尼斯商人》中对夏洛克的刻画、描写，着重分析该作品中的反犹主义倾向。

As one of the few Shakespearean works that focused on the minorities, the Merchant of Venice presented a com- plex and contradictory attitude of the West - European humanists during the Renaissance period towards the Jews ： on one hand, the anti-Semitic thoughts which deeply rooted in the European grounds made them compare the Jews to the greedy eg- oists ; on the other hand, influenced by humanism, these people advocated human dignity, freedom as well as equality, and showed great sympathy and care to the Jewish people. This study, based on the description of Shylock inthe Merchant of Venice , analyzed the anti-Semitism revealed in the work.